The Decline of Literary Prose Style #1: Cheap Jokes
Wednesday, 19. November 2008, 13:58:35
This will probably be another of those serial things that I start and then abandon, but anyway, the idea is that I want to identify specific viral traits in modern writing that have basically ruined prose style. The first of these, as the subject heading testifies, is the cheap joke.
But before I begin on that, what do I mean when I say that 'prose style' has been ruined? Briefly, I mean that, for the most part, readers and writers today no longer even know what a prose style is. There is no prose style, except for the one single prose style that has become so ubiquitous that the assumptions behind it have become almost invisible. This one single prose style, the early architects of which are the likes of Earnest Hemingway, who ripped-off James Frey shamelessly, is what might be called 'workshop prose'. There's a kind of Puritanism - in a distinctly work-ethic sense - behind it. Adverbs, for instance, are to be eschewed, for no very good reason, I suppose, apart from that they are extravagant, decadent, European and the work of the Devil. Having been a linguist and language teacher, as well as a writer, I would like to give my testimony that adverbs are, in fact, a perfectly respectable part of the English language. They are there to be used. Or are we expected to rip them from our very dictionaries in an Orwellian frenzy?
I'm afraid that I haven't read any E. M. Forster, but in the film Howard's End, one detail in particular that sticks in my mind is where the two sisters, together, admire the use of an adverb. If I recall correctly, there's a passage in some favourite text that has a description of trees in the twilight whose branches "droop glimmeringly". Workshop prose would forbid such exquisite love of language.
I'm not going to offer a definition of 'workshop prose' here, because I am still - I'm afraid - very busy, and taking a sort of tea-break, but I hope that, from the above hints, you know what I'm talking about. Simply pick up any work of fiction written in the past twenty years, and it's almost bound to be 'workshop prose'.
I blame this disease for many things, including the generation of a growing lack of discernment and attention span in modern readers. The other day I was asked a kind of soundbite question: "Harry Potter or Lord of the Rings?" I replied I hadn't seen all the Harry Potter films. But the question, I was told, concerned the books. "Ah, in that case, judging from the little I've read of the Harry Potter series, then it would definitely have to be The Lord of the Rings." Someone else said something like, "But The Lord of the Rings was so boring." I suppose I should not interpret this statement too freely without having much to go on in terms of evidence for the reasoning behind it, but I have encountered similar opinions often enough to think that I can descry a pattern in them. Just as people accustomed to eating very poor, tasteless food balk at food of high quality and taste, and often cannot endure it in their mouths, so those who know only 'workshop prose' find prose that actually has a style - and whatever else you may say about Tolkien, he did have a prose style - to be indigestible.
So now, let me proceed to one of the symptoms of the disease I have called 'workshop prose'. Even workshop prose, in its blandness, has a 'range' of tastes (as Pot Noodle has a range of flavours). Some of them are more light-hearted than others. The cheap joke belongs largely to the celebrity-turned-author, perhaps because this form has been pioneered by comedians such as Ben Elton. In fact, it could also be called Ben Elton prose style. The philosophy behind it seems to be that anyone who can string a series of cheap jokes together into a narrative is a literary genius. Such has been the influence of this particular strain of the workshop virus that it is now almost compelete all-pervading. Even I cannot escape it. This blog is riddled with it, I'm afraid. It has its counterpart in cinema, too. In cinematic convention, it is bad form to look directly at the camera. This breaks the illusion of the film. The illusion can be broken similarly by what are known as 'asides to the audience', which can mean that the actors or the director include details in the production that would not exist in the world of the story unless someone was aware of the audience. This can be done artfully - Oliver Hardy looked directly at the camera, and it worked - but inevitably, it is more often done in the form of a cheap joke, which reduces the entire affair to something to munch popcorn to. Just watch any Spielberg film and you'll soon see what I mean. There are, for instance, the hilarious gophers who watch, amazed, the results of a nuclear test explosion in the latest Indiana Jones film.
I don't want to go on about this at length. I will therefore give a single example of the Ben Elton prose style of cheap jokes - now, sadly, employed even by those who are not professional comedians - in the hope that the example I have in mind is sufficiently egregious that no more examples will be necessary. I must have been listening to the radio, and books were being discussed. I can no longer recall the title of the book in question, or its author. I imagine the author was the kind of person who would be sitting next to Germaine Greer on some celebrity panel one week and Phill Jupitus the next. A woman was speaking and she picked out - very correctly, as it seemed to me - an unforgivable flaw in the writing. The writer was male, but was writing a female character. This character, in the passage in question, was experiencing PMT. At one point she described herself, in bed with her partner, as "shouting at him for breathing too loudly". The reviewer pointed out that the man might think, "She's shouting at me for breathing too loudly", but the woman would not think that about herself. It was an obvious - a crude and juvenile - act of glove-puppetry. I mean, I've always considered character one of my weaknesses as a writer, but I've never been quite that bad. This, however, is the cheap joke school of prose writing. Just knock together a few cliched gags about menstruation and call yourself Ben "Shakespeare" fucking Elton.
Let us, if we can, turn away from such things.














